Cognitive behavioral therapy for depression in patients with heart failure: a critical review.

Depression is a significant problem in patients with heart failure. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has been proposed as a potential non-pharmacological treatment for depression in patients with heart failure. The purpose of this review is to examine the evidence for the use of CBT in treating depression and depressive symptoms in patients with cardiovascular illness. In six of the ten studied reviewed, researchers found that CBT reduced depressive symptoms; however, the limitations of the studies prevent wide generalization of the results. There is insufficient evidence to support the use of CBT for the treatment of depressive symptoms in patients with cardiovascular illness at this time. Large randomized, controlled trials that demonstrate the efficacy of CBT are needed before nurses routinely refer patients with heart failure to CBT for the purpose of improving depression or depressive symptoms.